issuance of plurality based on the illumination philosophy

in suhrawardi philosophy – like any philosophy which seeks to explain the general facts of being – the issuance of plurality is an important element in the cosmology and defers with mashsha basis in this regard. the issuance of plurality contains several stages in suhrawardi's main works: agreement with mashsha’ on the emanation of the first caused, criticizing them for the issuance of underneath spheres, establishing new theory using the principles such as permitting issuance of simple caused from combined cause, formation of the universe from light and darkness, being no veil between lights, the lights resulted of viewing superior levels, the lights resulted of radiation of superior levels on low levels, prevail and dignity of predominant lights into low lights and vice versa, humiliation and love of low lights toward superior ones. with these principles, he shows the necessary points of plurality in longitudinal intellects in order to prove the issuance of multiple lateral intellects (platonic ideas). suhrawardi also, by citing some affairs in the nature such as vegetable forces, duration of species and existence of low types for each species, considers them as proof for intellectual ideas.